How is a power generator built? See what the construction of a generator looks like.
An aggregate is a complete set of devices that generate electrical energy. It consists of an engine, an alternator, a cooling system, a fuel system, and an exhaust system. The engine drives the alternator, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The cooling system dissipates heat, and the fuel system supplies fuel.
Aggregates are widely used to provide power in places where there is no power grid or in emergency situations. In this article, we will discuss the composition and construction of an aggregate, as well as its applications.
Are you interested in renting an aggregate? If so, check out our offer today!
Construction of a generator set, components of a power generator
Engine
The generator set consists primarily of an engine, which enables the entire system to function. There are two types of engines: internal combustion engines, which run on gasoline, diesel fuel, or gas, and electric engines.
The power specification tells us how much energy this engine is capable of producing. The choice of fuel, such as gasoline, diesel, or gas, affects how well the generator will perform and how much energy it can generate. All of this is important because we want to ensure that the generator operates efficiently and provides us with the necessary power when needed.
Alternator
The alternator is a component of the generator set that converts engine power into electrical energy. It can be compared to a small power plant within the generator. The power specification tells us how much electrical energy it can deliver. It is important to know the maximum amount of energy the generator can generate.
It is also essential to determine the type of energy generated, including voltage and frequency. These values are important because different devices require different voltages and frequencies to operate correctly. Therefore, the generator specification includes this information.
Cooling System
The cooling system is crucial for the generator set as it helps maintain the proper temperature of the engine and alternator. The cooling specification provides information about the type of coolant used and the heat dissipation method.
It can be air or a special cooling fluid. Thanks to this system, the generator set can operate under optimal conditions and avoid overheating, which could lead to damage.
Fuel System
The fuel system in the generator set is responsible for delivering the proper fuel to the engine. It consists of the fuel unit described and a specific type of fuel, such as gasoline, diesel, or gas. It is important to ensure the proper fuel flow to ensure efficient and reliable operation of the generator.
Exhaust System
The exhaust system of the generator set is a system that removes the exhaust gases produced by the engine. It is important for this system to be effective and minimize the negative impact on the environment. The exhaust system specification includes information about emission levels and noise. This allows us to assess how cleanly and quietly the generator operates. A properly designed exhaust system helps optimize the performance of the generator set and takes care of our environment.
Power of the generator unit (kW)
Required output power
The specification of the generator unit contains important information about the output power. It simply determines how much electrical energy the generator can deliver. This is crucial when you need a certain amount of power to operate various devices. When choosing a generator, it is advisable to check this value to ensure that it will be suitable for your needs.
Rated power
The rated power of the generator unit is the stable and durable power that the generator can deliver for an extended period without technical issues. This is an important criterion when selecting a generator as it affects its performance and reliability during long-term use. We can rely on it when we need a constant and uninterrupted source of energy.
Most popular power values in generator units:
| Application | Output Power in W (kW) | Nominal Power in W (kW) | Power in kVA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Residential | 2000-4000 W (2-4 kW) | 1800-3500 W (1.8-3.5 kW) | 2.2-4.4 kVA |
| Outdoor events | 4000-8000 W (4-8 kW) | 3500-7000 W (3.5-7 kW) | 4.4-8.8 kVA |
| Commercial events | 8000-15000 W (8-15 kW) | 7000-12000 W (7-12 kW) | 8.8-15 kVA |
| Industrial Installations | 15000+ W (15+ kW) | 12000+ W (12+ kW) | 15+ kVA |
Note: Power values may vary depending on the country and region, and the table represents only sample values. Always check the technical specifications of a specific generator model before making a purchase.
- Watts (W): Watt is a unit of power that measures the amount of electrical energy an appliance is capable of transmitting or consuming. In the case of generators, the output power in watts measures the amount of electrical energy the generator can supply, for example, to the devices connected to it.
- Kilowatts (kW): Kilowatt is a thousand watts. It is often used as a unit to specify larger powers, such as the power of generators. This means that 1 kilowatt equals 1000 watts. Kilowatts are more practical for comparing and specifying larger powers because generators often have powers in the range of several hundred or thousand watts.
- Kilovolt-amperes (kVA): Kilovolt-ampere is a unit of apparent power (which does not account for power factor). In the case of generators, kVA refers to the total power that includes both active power (expressed in kilowatts) and the reactive power of electrical circuits. This is important when selecting a generator because certain devices, such as electric motors, may require greater apparent power than just the active power.
In summary, watts and kilowatts measure the actual electrical power that a generator can provide, while kilovolt-amperes (kVA) also take into account the reactive power of circuits and are used to determine the total power of a generator, which may be required for certain devices.
Generator voltage, what can it be connected to
Required output voltage
When choosing a power generator, it is important to determine the appropriate output voltage. This is simply the voltage value that the generator must provide in order for the devices connected to it to function correctly. When choosing a generator, you must consider your electricity-related needs and ensure that the generator’s output voltage is compatible with the requirements of the devices you plan to power.
The unit of voltage measurement is the volt (V). For power generators, popular output voltage values are 230V (in Europe) and 120V (in the United States).
Rated voltage
Rated voltage is the voltage that a power generator can provide for an extended period of time without issues. It is the “maximum value” that the generator can deliver without causing damage. When choosing a generator, you must ensure that the rated voltage is compatible with the requirements of the devices you intend to power. This is important for everything to work correctly and safely.
The most popular output and nominal voltage values for power generators depend on the application:
| Application | Output power | Nominal power |
|---|---|---|
| Residental backup | 120 V | 120/240 V |
| Office or small company | 120 V | 120/240 V |
| Commercial buildings | 208 V | 208/480 V |
| Industrial installations | 480 V | 480 V |
| Outdoor events | 120 V | 120/240 V |
Attention: Voltage values may vary depending on the country and region, and the table only provides example values. Always check the technical specifications of a specific generator model before making a purchase.
Efficiency
Efficiency coefficient
The efficiency coefficient of a generator is a measure of its effectiveness in converting fuel into electrical energy. A higher coefficient indicates lower energy losses and better efficiency. Generators with a high coefficient are more economical and environmentally friendly, saving fuel and reducing exhaust emissions. The value of the efficiency coefficient is given as a percentage or a number between 0 and 1, where a higher number indicates greater efficiency.
Power factor
The power factor of a generator is an indicator of how well it converts energy. The higher the power factor, the more efficient the generator is in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The value of this coefficient is given as a percentage or a number from 0 to 1. When the power factor is high, the generator can generate more electrical energy with less mechanical energy consumption. This means it is more economical and efficient.
Noise level
Noise specification
The noise specification of a generator tells us how loud it operates. The lower the decibel (dB) value, the quieter the generator. When reading the specifications, pay attention to information regarding noise during standard operation and under heavy load conditions. This will help you find a generator that is not too noisy and is more environmentally friendly.
Is the generator too loud? See How to Silence a Generator?
Db(A) at a specified distance
The noise level of a generator is measured using the unit Db(A) and depends on the distance from it. This is a way of determining how loud the generator is, taking into account our sensitivity to different sounds. The generator specification will include a Db(A) value, which is usually provided at a specified distance, such as 7 meters. The lower this value, the quieter the generator.
Most common noise levels of generators depending on their application:
| Application | Noise level (dB) |
|---|---|
| Recreation (campings) | 50-70 dB |
| Residental backup | 60-75 dB |
| Commercial buildings | 70-85 dB |
| Insustrial constructions | 80-95 dB |
| Oudtoor events | 70-90 dB |
Applications of generators
Residences
Generators are extremely useful for residences, providing an independent power source in case of a power grid failure. With generators, homeowners can maintain normal functioning, keep lighting and heating systems running, as well as continue working on computers and using other electrical devices during power outages.
Commercial Buildings
In commercial buildings, generators are essential for maintaining business continuity. They provide reliable power for offices, shops, restaurants, hotels, etc., minimizing financial losses associated with power supply disruptions.
Industrial Installations
Generators are crucial in industrial installations to ensure continuous production and prevent potential financial losses caused by power outages. With generators, machinery, equipment, and systems in factories, manufacturing plants, and other industrial facilities can operate without interruptions.
Outdoor Events
Generators are irreplaceable when organizing outdoor events. They provide necessary power for stages, lighting, sound systems, as well as for kitchen equipment and other event requirements. Thanks to generators, outdoor events can run smoothly regardless of access to the electrical grid.
Learn more: Renting Generators for Events and Outdoor Parties
Emergency Power Supply
Generators are invaluable in emergency situations such as natural disasters, calamities, or power grid failures. They provide an independent power source for hospitals, rescue centers, data centers, and other critical institutions that need to operate continuously even in the most challenging conditions.
Summary
Benefits of having a generator:
A generator is a device that can provide electrical power when normal sources of energy fail. It is useful during power outages to avoid issues related to lack of light or data loss. Generators are also used in places where there is no access to electricity, enabling the use of electrical appliances. They are portable, meaning they can be easily moved to different locations according to needs.
Insights on Generator Composition and Specifications
A generator is a device that supplies electricity during power outages. It consists of several parts, such as an engine, alternator, cooling system, fuel system, and exhaust system. The engine drives the alternator, which generates electrical power. The cooling system keeps the generator at the right temperature. The fuel system supplies fuel to the engine, and the exhaust system vents the exhaust gases. The generator’s specifications include information about its power, voltage, frequency, efficiency, and noise.
Popular Generator Models and Manufacturers
Among popular generator models are:
- Honda EU2200i
- Generac GP5500
- CAT RP7500E
- Yamaha EF2000iS
- Briggs & Stratton P2200
Leading generator manufacturers include Honda, Generac, CAT, Yamaha, and Briggs & Stratton. These brands are known for the reliability, performance, and excellent quality of their products. Choosing the right generator model depends on individual needs and applications, but it’s worth consulting with experts or reading reviews from other users before making a purchase.